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310 CE

This year falls in the Classical antiquity (c. 500 BCE–500 CE). Large empires rule much of Eurasia, among them Persia, the Maurya and Gupta states of India, Han China and Rome. Classical Greece, the spread of Buddhism and the rise of Christianity belong to this era, which ends as the western Roman Empire falls in the fifth century CE.

Within fifteen years

Ruler · Classical antiquity · TurkeyConstantine the Greatr. 306–337Roman emperor from 306 to 337, who reunited the empire and moved its center east. He legalized Christianity with the Edict of Milan in 313 and founded Constantinople as a new capital in 330. The Council of Nicaea in 325, called by him, defined Christian orthodoxy for centuries.

Country · San MarinoSan Marino301–San Marino is a tiny republic on a mountain in Italy, claiming to be the oldest surviving republic in the world. Tradition dates its founding to the year 301. It is governed by two Captains Regent chosen every six months.

Civilization · Classical antiquity · Gupta EmpireGupta Empirec. 320–550 CEThe Gupta Empire ruled northern India in what Indians remember as a golden age. Science, mathematics, and Sanskrit literature flourished; the concept of zero took shape. Hun invasions ended it about 550 CE.